Efficient public transportation is a key driver of economic growth, urban development and quality of life. Across Africa, rapid urbanisation has pushed governments to invest in modern transport systems that reduce congestion, improve mobility and support sustainable cities.
While challenges remain, several African countries stand out for their well-organised, reliable and expanding public transportation networks.
Below are 10 African countries with the best public transportation systems, based on coverage, affordability, innovation and overall efficiency:
1. South Africa
South Africa has one of the most developed public transportation systems in Africa. Its network includes buses, minibus taxis, commuter trains, and the modern Gautrain, which connects Johannesburg, Pretoria, and OR Tambo International Airport. Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) systems such as Rea Vaya in Johannesburg and MyCiTi in Cape Town have improved urban mobility by offering reliable and affordable services. Despite challenges with rail maintenance, the country remains a continental leader in transport infrastructure.
2. Morocco
Morocco stands out for its investment in modern and eco-friendly transport. Cities like Casablanca and Rabat operate efficient tramway systems, while buses and taxis provide extensive urban coverage. Morocco is also home to Africa’s first high-speed rail line, Al Boraq, linking Tangier to Casablanca. The country’s focus on rail expansion and urban transit modernisation places it among Africa’s top performers.
3. Egypt
Egypt has one of the oldest and largest public transportation systems in Africa. Cairo’s metro is the first in Africa and remains one of the busiest, serving millions daily. In addition to the metro, the country has an extensive railway network, buses, and newly introduced monorail systems connecting New Cairo and the New Administrative Capital. Ongoing investments continue to strengthen Egypt’s transport infrastructure.
4. Kenya
Kenya has made significant progress in improving public transportation, particularly in Nairobi. The city has introduced Bus Rapid Transit corridors to reduce congestion and improve travel times. Kenya’s Standard Gauge Railway (SGR) connects major cities like Nairobi and Mombasa, boosting intercity travel. While matatus remain dominant, government regulation and infrastructure upgrades have improved safety and efficiency.
5. Ethiopia
Ethiopia is home to sub-Saharan Africa’s first light rail system, the Addis Ababa Light Rail Transit (LRT). This system has transformed urban mobility in the capital by providing affordable and efficient transport. Ethiopia also has a growing railway network, including the electrified Addis Ababa–Djibouti railway, which supports both passenger and freight movement.
6. Tunisia
Tunisia has a well-organised public transport system, particularly in Tunis. The capital operates a reliable light metro, buses, and commuter trains that connect urban and suburban areas. Public transportation in Tunisia is relatively affordable and widely used, making it an essential part of daily life for residents. The country’s compact urban planning enhances transport efficiency.
7. Algeria
Algeria has invested heavily in urban rail systems over the past decade. Algiers boasts a metro system, tramways, and commuter rail services that significantly ease urban transport. Several other cities, including Oran and Constantine, also operate tram networks. These developments have improved accessibility and reduced traffic congestion.
8. Rwanda
Rwanda is often praised for its organised and clean public transport system. Kigali’s bus network is well regulated, punctual and technology-driven, with digital payment systems improving convenience. While the country does not yet have rail transit, its efficient bus operations and strong regulation set it apart in East Africa.
9. Ghana
Ghana’s public transportation system is anchored by buses, tro-tros, and intercity coaches. The government-run Metro Mass Transit and Ayalolo BRT in Accra have improved urban mobility. Ghana is also reviving its railway sector, with new and rehabilitated rail lines aimed at enhancing both passenger and freight transport.
10. Nigeria
Nigeria, Africa’s most populous country, has made notable strides in public transportation in recent years. Lagos leads with its Bus Rapid Transit system, Lagos Rail Mass Transit (Blue and Red Lines), and water transport services. Abuja also operates a light rail system connecting the city to the airport. While challenges remain, ongoing investments signal strong potential for improvement.
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